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CloudFormation

Definition

AWS CloudFormation is AWS's declarative infrastructure-as-code service. You declare a template (YAML or JSON) listing AWS resources and their properties; CloudFormation plans and applies the diff, tracking state in a named stack. Supports stack updates, deletion protection (DeletionPolicy: Retain), cross-stack references, drift detection, and change sets.

Seen in

  • sources/2020-06-30-zalando-launching-the-engineering-blog — used to provision the AWS::S3::Bucket (with WebsiteConfiguration index + error document) and BucketPolicy for Zalando's engineering blog. DeletionPolicy: Retain preserves the bucket if the stack is deleted — a common safety measure for any production data store defined via CloudFormation.

Comparable systems

  • Terraform (HashiCorp) — multi-cloud, providers-based, stores state externally (S3 + DynamoDB lock is the canonical backend). More ecosystem momentum than CloudFormation.
  • AWS CDK — typed abstraction (TS / Python / Java / Go / C#) that synthesises to CloudFormation under the hood.
  • Pulumi — typed multi-cloud, similar spirit to CDK.
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