SYSTEM Cited by 1 source
QuePaxa¶
QuePaxa is a distributed consensus algorithm published in 2023 by researchers at EPFL (paper). It is designed to avoid the "tyranny of timeouts" imposed by leader-based protocols like Raft and Multi-Paxos, making it well-suited for wide-area networks with unpredictable latencies.
Key properties¶
- Any replica can drive consensus — a leader exists for efficiency (1 round-trip vs 3+) but is not required for progress
- Concurrent proposals constructively interfere — unlike Raft's leadership elections where concurrent candidates block each other, QuePaxa replicas work together to decide one of the proposed values
- Designed for adversarial asynchrony — assumes a network where an imaginary adversary can launch targeted attacks on replica connections
- No timeouts block progress — the system never becomes unavailable due to a single replica being down, unavailable, or degraded
Performance (from the paper)¶
The authors found QuePaxa maintains ~10× higher throughput than Raft and Multi-Paxos under adversarial network conditions (targeted connection attacks, variable latencies). These conditions more accurately resemble wide-area Internet networks than the conditions other consensus algorithms assume.
Industrial adoption¶
Meerkat (Cloudflare Research) is, to Cloudflare's knowledge, the first industrial deployment of QuePaxa at global scale — validated in proof-of-concept clusters with up to 50 replicas distributed worldwide.
Seen in¶
- sources/2026-07-08-cloudflare-introducing-meerkat-global-consensus — first industrial deployment announcement
Related¶
- systems/meerkat — Cloudflare's consensus service implementing QuePaxa
- systems/raft — the leader-based protocol QuePaxa is designed to improve upon
- concepts/consensus-algorithm — the problem class
- concepts/leaderless-consensus — the defining architectural property
- concepts/wide-area-consensus — the deployment environment QuePaxa targets