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Artifact-as-API

Definition

Artifact-as-API is the design principle that inter-agent (or inter-role) communication should happen exclusively through schema-validated files on disk rather than through unstructured context in memory or chat windows. The artifact file is the typed message; the JSON schema is the type contract; the gate validator is the consumer's assertion. Only artifact content crosses the boundary between workflow stages โ€” no implicit state, no conversation history, no context window.

The principle makes multi-agent workflows reviewable (artifacts are diffable files), replayable (same inputs โ†’ same gate evaluation), governable (schema constraints prevent drift), and composable (any orchestrator can drive the CLIs).

Contrast with context-passing

Property Artifact-as-API Context-in-chat
Auditability Full (versioned files) None (ephemeral)
Reproducibility Deterministic gate evaluation Non-deterministic
Governance Schema-enforced Honor-system
Scalability Works at 50 devs + agents Breaks past single developer

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